A Short Biography on Chief Justice John Roberts
Before being appointed Chief Justice, John Roberts had an extensive legal career, despite only being fifty years old when he was appointed to the Supreme Court of the United States in 2005 by President George W. Bush.
John G. Roberts was born January 27, 1955. He was raised in Northern Indiana and educated in a private school, before leaving Indiana to attend Harvard College and subsequently attending Harvard Law School. While attending Harvard Law School, he served as a managing editor of the Harvard Law Review, a prestigious position.
Chief Justice John Roberts was exposed to the function of the Supreme Court shortly after he was admitted to the bar when he served as a law clerk for William Rehnquist, the man who he would eventually replace as the Chief Justice of the United States.
After serving as a law clerk, John G. Roberts took a position in the Attorney General’s office while Ronald Reagan was President. He then moved on to serve in the Department of Justice and the Office of the White House Counsel under the Reagan Administration and the Administration of George H.W. Bush.
After his time with the Bush Administration, John G. Roberts went into private practice, during which time he argued thirty-nine cases before the Supreme Court.
In 2003, President George E. Bush appointed Roberts to serve as a judge on the D.C. Circuit, only to be nominated to serve as an Associate Justice on the Supreme Court. When Chief Justice Renquist died prior to Robert’s confirmation hearing, Bush resubmitted Roberts to become Chief Justice John Roberts.
Who is in Barack Obama’s Supreme Court?
The current Supreme Court Justices are Chief Justice John G. Roberts, Justice Antonin Scalia, Justice Anthony Kennedy, Justice Clarence Thomas, Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Justice Stephen Breyer, Justice Samuel Alito, Justice Sonia Sotomayor, and newly appointed Justice Elena Kagan.
Barack Obama’s Supreme Court comes from a variety of backgrounds. Although most of the current Supreme Court justices come from prestigious Northeastern law schools, each member of Barack Obama’s Supreme Court has widely varied life experiences.
Most of the current Supreme Court justices have experience as sitting judges, with Justice Elena Kagan being the sole exceptions. Justice Clarence Thomas and Justice Sonia Sotomayor are the only current Supreme Court justices who have not served as professors at prestigious law schools.
When they were facing their initial nomination to the Supreme Court, three of the members of Barack Obama’s Supreme Court, Justice Antonin Scalia, Justice Anthony Kennedy, and Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, faced only minimal opposition, Justices Scalia and Kennedy receiving no opposing votes, Justice Ginsburg only having three dissenting votes.
Four current support Justices have been replaced in the past decade. It is believed that two of the members of the current Supreme Court Justices will be replaced in the upcoming years.
A Brief History of the Supreme Court
The Supreme Court of the United States is regarded as the highest judicial body in the country. The United States Supreme Court leads the federal judiciary and administers various rulings on violations of legal code.
The Supreme Court consists of the Chief Justice of the United States and eight Associate Justices; the Associate Justices are nominated by the President of the United States and confirmed by majority vote of the Senate.
The History of the Supreme Court is organized based on era; these particular eras are named after the Chief Justice of that particular time frame.
The earliest Courts within the Supreme Court were run under Chief Justices, Rutledge, Jay and Ellsworth during 1789-1801. At this time, the Supreme Court heard few cases; furthermore the Court initially lacked a home and any sense of real prestige.
The Supreme Court, and the prestige or reputation attached, dramatically altered during the Marshall Court (1801-1835). During this era, the Supreme Court was declared the supreme arbiter of the United States Constitution. The Marshall Court made several important rulings which gave shape and substance to the constitutional balance of power between the federal government and the states.
As time passed, the Supreme Court gained administrative and authoritative power and through its numerous court decisions, laid the interpretative framework for which the United States Constitution was built off. Presently, during the Roberts Court, the Supreme Court has dealt with many issues concerning anti-trust legislation, abortion, the death penalty, the Fourth Amendment, free speech of high school students as well as government employees, military detainees, voting rights, school desegregation, and campaign financing.
A Guide to the US Supreme Court
Supreme Court
Â
The United States Supreme Court is one of the three branches of the federal government. The United States Supreme Court is sometimes also known as the High Court. The ruling of the Supreme Court cannot be appealed. The Supreme Court is able to declare a law unconstitutional, which is a check on the power of the Legislature.
Â
Supreme Court Justices
Supreme Court justices assume their position following by a nomination by the President and majority vote from the Senate. U.S. Supreme Court justices do not have term limits. Supreme Court judges serve as long as they desire, and serve as long as they maintain good behavior and health.
US Supreme Court Docket
Â
Entries on the US Supreme Court docket are usually appellate matters. Few entries on the Supreme Court docket are matters of original jurisdiction. Most often, entries on the Supreme Court docket involve constitutional issues, or evidence that the ruling of the lower court was incorrect.
Â
Supreme Court Building
Â
The Supreme Court building was the final of the three houses built for the three branches of the Federal Government. Before construction of the Supreme Court building was completed in 1935, the US Supreme Court first met in the basement of the Capitol Building, followed by the US Supreme Court relocation to the Old Senate Chamber, and finally entering the Supreme Court Building across the street from the Capitol.
Â
Landmark Supreme Court Cases
Â
The landmark Supreme Court cases are identified as Supreme Court decisions that have reshaped American lives. These landmark Supreme Court cases and Supreme Court cases encompass almost all areas of American life.
Who is the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
Â
John Roberts is the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. The other Supreme Court justices’ names are Anton Scalia, Anthony Scalia, Clarence Thomas, Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Stephen Breyer, Samuel Alito, Sonia Sotomayer, and Elena Kagan.
Â
How Many Supreme Court Justices are There?
Â
The nine Supreme Court justices are known as either Associate Justices or the sole Chief Justice of the United States. All nine Supreme Court justices serve on the Supreme Court of the United States for life tenure. Serving on the Supreme Court of the United States require a nomination from the President and a confirmation vote in the United States Senate.
Â
Â
Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court is also known as the Chief Justice of the United States. The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court can be an outside nominee to the position, or may be chosen from already seated members of the court. He or she serves as the chief administration officer for the federal courts, appoints the director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts, presides over oral arguments to the Court, leads the business of the Supreme Court, serves as a spokesman for the judicial branch, sets the Court’s agenda, and decides who writes the opinions of the Court.
Â
Barack Obama’s Supreme Court
Although the current Supreme Court is sometimes identified as Barack Obama’s Supreme Court, this is actually a misnomer since he has only appointed two members of the Court. However, given the age of some of the members of the Court, he may have an opportunity to appoint more justices.
A Short Biography on Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg
Justice Ginsburg is the oldest member of the current Supreme Court of the United States. She is an Associate Justice. She was appointed by President Bill Clinton. She has served the fourth longest of the current Associate Justices. She is only the second female justice on the Supreme Court.
Ruth Bader Ginsburg was born March 15, 1933 in New York City. Ginsberg attended James Madison High School in New York City, which later dedicated a room in her honor. She earned her undergraduate degree from Cornell University in Ithaca, New York in 1954, after which she enrolled in Harvard Law School.
She had to transfer to Columbia Law School, but in doing so was able to earn the distinction of being the first woman to be on two major law reviews, the Harvard Law Review and the Columbia Law Review. In 1959, she earned her Bachelor of Laws (LL. B.) from Columbia, tying for first in her class. She was awarded honorary Doctor of Laws degrees from Willamette University and Princeton University in 2009 and 2010, respectively.
After she graduated, Ruth Bader Ginsburg served as a professor at Rutgers University School of law from 1963-1972, and then became a law professor at her alma mater from 1972-1980, while serving as General Counsel for the American Civil Liberties Union from 1973-1980.
President Jimmy Carter appointed her to become Justice Ginsburg while serving on the Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit, from 1980-1993. While there, she became friends with Justice Scalia, a friendship that would continue when the two both served on the Supreme Court. After being nominated by President Clinton to the Supreme Court, Justice Ginsburg was approved by a margin of 96-3.
A Short Biography on Justice Clarence Thomas
On the list of Supreme Court Justices, Clarence Thomas experienced one of the most controversial nomination hearings. While Justices Scalia and Kennedy faced unanimous approval, the Senate vote which approved Clarence Thomas was very close, with the final vote coming to fifty two Senators in favor and forty eight Senators opposed. This was the narrowest confirmation vote in more than a century.
Clarence Thomas had first appeared on a list of Supreme Court Justices replacement candidates in 1990 when Justice Brennan stepped down. However, President George H.W. Bush had to postpone his nomination of Thomas due to concerns that he was not yet sufficiently experienced.
By the time Thomas was finally nominated a year later, however, these fears had not yet been address. President Bush stated that Clarence Thomas was the “best qualified [nominee] at this time” However, there is dubious support for this claim. Critics have claimed that instead, Thomas was the only African American candidate who could provide a reliably conservative vote to replace Thurgood Marshal, the only African American on the Court.
The American Bar Association rated Thomas “qualified” by a 13-2 margin, well below the normal recommendation that most nominees had received since Eisenhower, a unanimous “well qualified” evaluation. Part of the criticism was that Clarence Thomas had never argued before the high courts, had never written a consequential legal book, article of brief.
The most serious reason Clarence Thomas is included on a loss of Supreme Court Justices who have faced a challenging nomination process is because of allegations of sexual harassment leveled again Thomas during the hearing by Anita Hill.
How many Supreme Court Justices are there?
There are nine
Supreme Court Justices on the Supreme Court of the United States. These nine
Supreme Court Justices who serve on the Supreme Court of the United States are
only able to ascend to the Supreme Court of the United States after being
nominated by the President of the United States, undergoing a hearing held by
the Judiciary Committee of the United States Senate, and receiving a majority
vote in their favor on the floor of the full Senate.
The nine Supreme Court Justices on the Supreme Court of the United States are
the final arbiters on whether or not a law passed by the legislative branch is
constitutional. The ability of the nine Supreme Court Justices to conduct
judicial review of an act passed by the legislature was established under 1803
sitting of the Supreme Court of the United States of America, under which the
Marshall Court interpreted the Constitution to grant the Supreme Court of the
United States the Constitutional authority and responsibility to address
whether or not the cases presented to it were in accord with the Constitution
of the United States of America. The case which enshrined this principle was
the case Marburry v. Madison.
Who is the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court?
The Chief Justice of Supreme Court is John G. Roberts. Justice Roberts was appointed to be the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court by George W. Bush. Chief Justice Roberts began his tenure as the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court immediately upon his accession to the Supreme Court on September 29, 2005.
Prior to becoming the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, Roberts served as the Circuit Judge for the Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit for two years, was in private practice for thirteen years, served as a professor at Georgetown University Law Center for thirteen years, was an Associate Counsel the President for four years under Ronald Reagan, and as a special assistant to the Attorney General for two years after leaving law school.
The other Supreme Court Justices’ names are, in order by how long they have served, Anton Scalia, Anthony Scalia, Clarence Thomas, Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Stephen Breyer, Samuel Alito, Sonia Sotomayer, and Elena Kagan. The Supreme Court justices’ names reveal that they come from a broad variety of backgrounds, meaning each is capable of bringing a unique perspective the Supreme Court.
Landmark Supreme Court Cases You Must Know
Supreme Court decisions have shaped many aspects of American life.
One of the most important landmark Supreme Court Cases was Marbury v. Madison which established the principle of judicial review.
Several important Supreme Court decisions, such as McCulloh v. Maryland in 1819, Gibbons v. Ogden in 1824, Northern Securities Company v. United States in 1904, Lochner v. New York in 1905, Standard Oil Co. of New Jersey v. United States in 1911, and Employment Division v. Smith in 1990 have been landmark Supreme Court Cases in shaping the modern commercial practice in the United States of America due to their interpretation of the Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution.
Landmark Supreme Court cases such as Mapp v Ohio in 1961, Gideon v. Wainwright in 1963, and Miranda v. Arizona were all Supreme Court cases that lead to what are commonly known as a suspected criminal’s Miranda rights.
These Supreme Court cases have forced police to inform suspects that they have the right to an attorney and the right to not incriminate themselves (which is guaranteed by the Fifth Amendment), although the 2010 decision Berghuis v. Thompkins has made it clear that if a suspect wishes to resume the protection of Miranda after waiving it, the request to invoke Miranda must be explicit.
There have been several landmark Supreme Court cases dealing with the legal status and rights of minorities, such as Dred Scott v. Sandford in 1857, Plessy v. Ferguson in 1869, Korematsu v United States in 1944, and Regents of the University of California v. Bakke in 1978.
Other famous Supreme Court decisions include Roe v. Wade in 1973, US v. Nixon in 1974, and Bush v. Gore in 2000.
